Lewis structure of C5H12

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The Lewis structure of C₅H₁₂ contains sixteen single bonds, with five carbons in the center. The left carbon and right carbon are attached with three hydrogens, and three center carbons are attached with two hydrogens. Both hydrogen atom and carbon atom do not have any lone pair.

Steps

By using the following steps, you can easily draw the Lewis structure of C₅H₁₂.

#1 Draw skeleton
#2 Show chemical bond
#3 Calculate formal charge and check stability (if there are no lone pairs and octet is already completed on central atom)

Let’s one by one discuss each step in detail.

#1 Draw skeleton

In this step, first calculate the total number of valence electrons. And then, decide the central atom.

• Let’s calculate the total number of valence electrons

We know that… carbon is a group 14 element and hydrogen is a group 1 element. Hence, carbon has four valence electrons and hydrogen has one valence electron.

Now C₅H₁₂ has five carbon atoms and twelve hydrogen atoms.

So the total number of valence electrons = (valence electrons of carbon atom × 5) + (valence electrons of hydrogen atom × 12)

Therefore, the total number of valence electrons = 20 + 12 = 32

• Now decide the central atom

We can not assume hydrogen as the central atom, because the central atom is bonded with at least two other atoms. And hydrogen has only one electron in its last shell, so it can not make more than one bond.

Therefore, choose carbon as the central atom.

But there are five carbon atoms in C₅H₁₂. Hence, we can assume any one as the central atom. Let’s assume that left carbon is the central atom.

So now, put five carbons in the center and twelve hydrogens on either side. And draw the rough skeleton structure for the Lewis structure of C₅H₁₂ something like this:

Also read: How to draw Lewis structure of SbCl₅ (4 steps)

#2 Show chemical bond

Place two electrons between the atoms to show a chemical bond. Since five carbons are surrounded by twelve hydrogens, use thirty-two electrons to show sixteen chemical bonds as follows:

In the above structure, you can see that the octet is completed on the central atom (left carbon), and also on the outside atoms. Therefore, the octet rule is satisfied.

After completing the octet, one last thing we need to do is, calculate the formal charge and check the stability of the above structure.

Also read: How to draw Lewis structure of CH₃SH (4 steps)

#3 Calculate formal charge and check stability

The following formula is used to calculate the formal charges on atoms:

Formal charge = valence electrons – nonbonding electrons – ½ bonding electrons

Collect the data from the above structure and then, write it down below as follows:

• For each carbon atom

Valence electrons = 4
Nonbonding electrons = 0
Bonding electrons = 8

Formal charge = 4 – 0 – ½ (8) = 0

• For each hydrogen atom

Valence electrons = 1
Nonbonding electrons = 0
Bonding electrons = 2

Formal charge = 1 – 0 – ½ (2) = 0

Mention the formal charges of atoms on the structure. So the Lewis structure of C₅H₁₂ looks something like this:

In the above structure, you can see that the formal charges of both (carbon and hydrogen) are zero. Therefore, this is the stable Lewis structure of C₅H₁₂.

And each horizontal line drawn in the above structure represents a pair of bonding valence electrons.

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Related

• Lewis structure of SbCl₅
• Lewis structure of CH₃SH
• Lewis structure of C₂H₂Br₂
• Lewis structure of N₂O₃
• Lewis structure of H₂PO₄^–

External links

• Draw the Lewis structures for all the isomers of C5H12 – Homework.Study.com
• Draw the lewis structure for C5H12 – Chegg
• Draw lewis structure for C5H12 – Brainly
• Neopentane | C5H12 | CID 10041 – National Institutes of Health (.gov)
• Draw lewis structure for C5H12 – Numerade
• What is the Lewis structure of C5H12 – Quizlet
• Is C5H12 a Lewis base? – Answers
• How is the structural formula for C5H12 determined? – Quora